Small Business CGT Concessions

What you need to know to access the 4 small business CGT concessions.

Small business CGT concessions eligibility conditions

Basic eligibility conditions, order to apply, passively-held assets, active assets, affiliates, connection and control.

Small business 15-year exemption

How to claim the small business 15-year exemption on a business asset to reduce or disregard CGT.

Small business 50% active asset reduction

Reduce the capital gain on an active asset by 50% (in addition to the CGT discount if conditions are met).

Small business retirement exemption

How to claim the small business retirement exemption to reduce or disregard CGT on active assets.

Small business roll-over

Defer all or part of a capital gain made from selling an active asset.

CGT concessions eligibility overview

How the small business CGT concessions work, eligibility steps, order for applying concessions, effect on superannuation.

How the small business CGT concessions work

The small business CGT concessions allow you to reduce, disregard or defer some or all of a capital gain from an active asset used in a small business.

The 4 small business CGT concessions include the:

• small business 15-year exemption
• small business 50% active asset reduction
• small business retirement exemption
• small business roll-over.

The concessions are available when you dispose of an active asset and meet basic eligibility conditions.

You must then meet any additional conditions that apply specifically to the individual concessions.

There are rules about the order you apply:

• the CGT small business concessions
• any current year or prior year capital losses
• the CGT discount.

You may be able to apply one or both of the following to each capital gain:

• more than one of the 4 concessions if you meet the conditions for each
• the CGT discount if it also applies.

Basic eligibility conditions

To be eligible for any of the CGT concessions, you must first meet the basic eligibility conditions.

Depreciating assets do not meet the basic eligibility conditions:

• Under the uniform capital allowance system, any gain or loss from a depreciating asset is included in your assessable income, or is deductible as a balancing adjustment, to the extent the asset was used for a taxable purpose (business use). The small business CGT concessions do not apply to gains you make on depreciating assets that are included in your income.
• You make a capital gain or capital loss from a depreciating asset to the extent you have used the asset for a non-taxable purpose (private use). Any capital gain you make in this way does not qualify for the small business CGT concessions because it reflects the non-business use of the asset.

All the concessions except for the small business 50% active asset reduction have additional requirements you must meet.

Step 1: Determine if you are an eligible entity

You must be one of the following:

• a CGT small business entity eligibility with an aggregated turnover of less than $2 million
• not running a business (other than as a partner) but your asset is used in your affiliate or connected entity's small business (CGT concessions on passively-held assets)
• a partner in a partnership that is a small business entity, and the asset is either
• an interest in a partnership asset (partnership assets)
• an asset you own that is not an interest in a partnership asset (partner's assets) but is used in the business of the partnership

• you meet the maximum net asset value test.

Step 2: The asset must be an active asset

The asset must meet the active asset test.

Step 3: Is the asset a share in a company or an interest in a trust?

It must meet additional conditions.

Step 4: Does your situation involve a CGT event related to a partnership?

The eligibility condition in this step applies to a CGT event happening after 7:30 pm AEDT on 8 May 2018 that involves the creation, transfer, variation or ending of your right or interest to either:

• an amount of income or capital of a partnership
• an amount calculated by reference to the entitlement of a partner in a partnership to an amount of the partnership‘s income or capital.
• If the CGT event involved ending your right or interest, it must be a membership interest in the partnership immediately before the CGT event happens. For all other cases, your right or interest must be a membership interest in the partnership immediately after the CGT event happens.

Applying the small business CGT concessions

If you have more than one capital gain for the year, you can apply as many of the small business CGT concessions as you are eligible for until each capital gain is reduced to zero. Each active asset's attributable capital gain is assessed for CGT concession eligibility individually.

The small business 50% active asset reduction applies automatically if the basic conditions are met and you have not specifically chosen for it not to apply.

However, you must choose whether to apply the small business 15-year exemption, small business retirement exemption and small business roll-over.

You need to choose by the day you lodge your income tax return for the income year in which the relevant CGT event happened unless the ATO allows you to make the choice later.

Lodging and preparing your income tax return is generally enough proof of the choice you've made. However, for the small business retirement exemption, you must keep a written record of the amount you choose to disregard.

Steps to apply the small business CGT concessions, capital losses and the CGT discount

Step 1: Do you meet the basic eligibility conditions for the small business CGT concessions?

• Yes: Go to step 2.
• No: You do not qualify for any of the small business CGT concessions. You may be eligible for the CGT discount.

Step 2: Do you qualify for the small business 15-year exemption?

• Yes: Disregard the entire capital gain. You do not need to apply any of the other small business CGT concessions.
• No: Go to step 3.

Step 3: Offset any capital losses against the capital gain

If you have more than one capital gain, you can choose the order in which your capital gains are reduced by your capital losses.

Step 4: If you are eligible for the CGT discount, reduce the remaining capital gain

Step 5: Apply the small business 50% active asset reduction to reduce the remaining capital gain

• You can choose not to apply the reduction and go straight to the small business retirement exemption or small business roll-over at step 6.

Step 6: If you qualify for the small business retirement exemption or small business roll-over, reduce the remaining capital gain

The amount remaining is the net capital gain to include in your assessable income for the year.

How the CGT concessions affect super contributions

Small business 15-year exemption

You may be able to contribute amounts to your super fund from the small business 15-year exemption without affecting your non-concessional contributions limits.

Small business retirement exemption

You may be able to use amounts from the small business retirement exemption as contributions to your super fund without affecting your non-concessional contributions limits.

Small business entity eligibility for the CGT concessions

You're a CGT small business entity for the 4 CGT concessions if you're an individual, partnership, company or trust that:

• is running a business
• has an aggregated turnover of less than $2 million.

Aggregated turnover is your annual turnover plus the annual turnovers of any business entities that are your affiliates or connected with you.

If your business is a partnership, it's the partnership and not the individual partner that must be the CGT small business entity.

To work out whether you're a CGT small business entity for the current year, you need to calculate your aggregated turnover.

You're a CGT small business entity for the current year if your:

• aggregated turnover for the previous income year was less than $2 million
• actual aggregated turnover is less than $2 million at the end of the income year.

You need to work out if you are eligible each year.

Maximum net asset value test

The maximum net asset value test is a first step to qualifying for a small business CGT concession.

Calculate net value of CGT assets

The maximum net asset value test is used to see if you meet step one of the small business CGT concessions.

To meet the test, the total net value of CGT assets owned by you, entities connected with you, affiliates and entities connected with your affiliates must not exceed $6 million. You must meet the test just before the CGT event that results in the capital gain.

The net value of the CGT assets of an entity is the sum of the market values of those assets less any liabilities of the entity that are related to those assets and provisions made for:

• annual leave
• long service leave
• unearned income
• tax liabilities.

The net value can be positive, negative or zero. The $6 million limit is not indexed for inflation.

To calculate the net value of your CGT assets, you must add together the net value of assets owned by:

• you
• any entities connected with you
• any of your affiliates and entities connected with your affiliates
• but only if the assets are used, or held ready for use, in a business run by you or an entity connected with you
• don’t include an asset if it is used in the business of an entity that is connected with you only because of your affiliate.

Entities that hold shares or trust interests would calculate their net asset value in a similar way.