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The Professionals Choice
Providing tax, superannuation and trust education and precedent products
MGS Products — Trusts

MGS Discretionary
Trust

Australia's most versatile family wealth vehicle. Absolute trustee discretion over income and capital distributions — giving your clients the asset protection, tax flexibility, and succession planning they need.

At a glance
Absolute discretion
Trustee distributes income and capital to any beneficiary in any proportion
Broad class
Primary Beneficiary plus spouse, children, relatives, companies and trusts
Streaming
CGT discount, franking credits and other income types streamed to optimal beneficiaries
Asset protection
Trust fund held by the trustee — not beneficiaries — providing creditor protection
Maximum Flexibility
Distribute income and capital to any beneficiary, in any proportion, each financial year
Asset Protection
Trust assets are held by the trustee — not the beneficiaries — shielding them from personal creditors
Income Streaming
Stream CGT discount amounts, franking credits and different income types to the right beneficiary
Family Succession
Pass assets across generations with the protections and controls a will cannot provide
Overview

Australia's most popular family wealth structure


A discretionary trust is established when a creator — known as the Settlor — gifts a Settlement Sum to the Trustee to hold for the benefit of the Beneficiaries. The Trustee holds all trust property (the Trust Fund) and administers it in accordance with the Deed of Trust, with the power to distribute income and capital entirely at its absolute discretion.

The popularity of the MGS Discretionary Trust is largely due to its asset protection and family succession qualities. It also provides a wide range of taxation benefits — including income splitting, income streaming, and the ability to direct capital gains to beneficiaries who can use concessions most effectively.

Unlike a unit trust, no beneficiary has a vested interest in the Trust Fund. The Trustee determines each year who receives income and capital, and in what proportions — delivering unparalleled flexibility across the life of the trust.

The Professionals Choice: MGS discretionary trusts are prepared by experienced practitioners and include all features required by modern Australian trust law — Karger v Paul clauses, income streaming powers, proper law provisions, and conversion capability.
Key Features at a Glance
  • Absolute trustee discretion over income and capital distributions each year
  • Broad beneficiary class — Primary Beneficiary, family and related entities
  • Income accumulation power — accumulated income becomes trust capital
  • Income streaming — CGT discount, franking credits and foreign income
  • Karger v Paul clause — trustee not required to give real and genuine consideration to all beneficiaries
  • Perpetuity period equal to the statutory period — maximum trust life
  • Proper Law clause — allows change of governing State law
  • Controller role (optional) — additional consent layer for key decisions
  • Appointor power — remove and replace trustee at any time
  • Amendment clause — including conversion to a Discretionary Conversion Trust
The Parties

Understanding the key roles

Each party to an MGS Discretionary Trust plays a distinct and important role in its establishment, administration and control.

Settlor

Establishes the trust by paying the Settlement Sum to the Trustee. The Settlor must not be a beneficiary — to avoid adverse tax consequences, the Settlor is typically an unrelated person (e.g. a staff member or family friend) who takes no further role in the trust's affairs.

Trustee

Holds legal title to the Trust Fund and exercises all discretions under the Deed. Typically a $2 corporate trustee (with the family as directors and shareholders), which limits personal liability. The Trustee owes fiduciary duties to all beneficiaries and must maintain proper records and accounts.

Appointor

Holds the most powerful role in the trust — the power to remove and replace the Trustee at any time by written notice. The Appointor exercises effective control over the trust and the Trust Fund is therefore accountable in Family Law Act property settlement matters. More than one Appointor may act jointly.

Primary Beneficiary

The central person around whom the beneficiary class is defined. The spouse, children, parents, grandparents and other relatives of the Primary Beneficiary are automatically included as beneficiaries. The Primary Beneficiary is also the default recipient of undistributed income and capital. May serve as the "test individual" for a Family Trust Election.

Controller (optional)

Where named, the Controller provides consent for key trustee actions — such as appointing additional beneficiaries, varying the deed, and determining an earlier Vesting Date. Where the role is vacant, the trustee acts without this constraint. The Family Court is likely to find that a Controller has control of the trust for property settlement purposes.

Beneficiaries

The persons and entities eligible to receive distributions. No beneficiary has a vested interest in the Trust Fund — their interest is a chose in action entitling them to the due administration of the trust. The Trustee retains absolute discretion to include or exclude any beneficiary in any given year's distribution.

Income Distributions

How income distributions work


The Deed of Trust gives the Trustee a range of alternatives in dealing with the net trust income earned in each financial year. Critically, a distribution resolution must be made on or before 30 June each year. The resolution may record a distribution in proportions before the exact income figure is known.

1

Distribute to one or more beneficiaries

The Trustee distributes all or part of the net trust income to one or more beneficiaries in any proportion. Income received by adult beneficiaries is taxable in their hands at their marginal rate. A distribution of $10,000 to a beneficiary with $40,000 of other income produces $50,000 of assessable income for that year.

2

Accumulate income as trust capital

The Trustee may elect not to distribute any income, accumulating it as an addition to the Trust Fund. The Trustee then pays tax at the highest marginal rate on the accumulated income. When accumulated income is distributed on the Vesting Day, it forms part of capital and is not taxable in the beneficiaries' hands.

3

Partially distribute, partially accumulate

The Trustee may distribute part of the net income to selected beneficiaries (taxed in their hands at marginal rates) and retain the balance as accumulated capital (taxed to the Trustee at the highest rate). This split approach is commonly used to manage year-by-year tax outcomes.

4

Distributions to minors

Where income is distributed to a beneficiary under 18, special (higher) tax rates apply above the $416 threshold. Distributions to minors are held on separate sub-trust by the Trustee until the minor turns 18. The Trustee may apply these funds for the minor's maintenance, education and benefit in the meantime.

Important deadline: A written distribution resolution must be made on or before 30 June each year (see IT 347). The resolution may be signed after 30 June provided it accurately records what occurred on or before that date. Failure to resolve results in automatic accumulation and tax at the highest marginal rate.
Capital Gains & Streaming

Maximise tax outcomes through income streaming


Trust income retains its character when distributed. If a trust derives interest, trading income and capital gains, each beneficiary's distribution carries a proportion of each. Strategic streaming directs different income types to the beneficiaries best placed to receive them.

Under the Tax Laws Amendment (2011 Measures No. 5) Act 2011, where a trust has a net capital gain, beneficiaries can be made specifically entitled to that capital gain — causing it to be attributed to that beneficiary alone rather than spread proportionately. This enables precise direction of the 50% CGT discount to beneficiaries on lower marginal rates or who have capital losses available.

Similarly, franked distributions and franking credits can be streamed to beneficiaries who can make best use of the imputation credits — whether individual shareholders, corporate beneficiaries, or superannuation funds.

CGT and the trust: Where the Trustee sells a trust asset and realises a capital gain, that gain is included in the trust's assessable income. Capital losses can be applied to reduce the gain (but not against other income). If the Trustee transfers an asset to a beneficiary, it is deemed sold at market value — careful planning around distributions in specie is essential.
Income Type Optimal Streaming Strategy
CGT discount amountsBeneficiaries on low marginal rates, or those with available capital losses to apply against the gain
Capital gains from collectiblesBeneficiaries with collectible capital losses available to apply against collectible gains
Franked dividends & franking creditsBeneficiaries who can best use the imputation credits — including corporate beneficiaries and SMSFs
Interest, royalties & unfranked dividendsNon-resident beneficiaries to apply lower withholding tax rates
Trading income & dividendsBeneficiaries on low marginal rates or with carry-forward income losses
Foreign source incomeNon-resident beneficiaries — no Australian tax payable on foreign source income
Indexation amountsBeneficiaries best placed to receive tax-preferred amounts as indexation concessions are re-introduced

Specific entitlement resolutions must correctly identify the beneficiary and the capital gain component to be valid. Always obtain specific tax advice before streaming. Consider whether an MGS Capital Pool Unit Trust better serves your client's needs for separating tax-preferred amounts.

Asset Protection

Protecting family wealth from creditors


Because no beneficiary holds a vested interest in the Trust Fund, trust assets are generally protected from the personal creditors of individual beneficiaries. A beneficiary's interest is merely a chose in action — a right to compel proper administration of the trust — not a proprietary interest in specific assets.

This protection is a key reason discretionary trusts are used to hold investment properties, business assets, shares and other wealth-generating assets on behalf of families exposed to commercial risk.

Family Law caution: The Family Court has wide powers in relation to trusts in property settlement proceedings. The Appointor's control and any Controller role may cause the Trust Fund to be treated as family property. Where a marriage or relationship may be unstable, specific Family Law advice is essential before establishing or relying on a discretionary trust for asset protection purposes.
Stamp Duty & Land Tax

State tax considerations


Most State and Territory land tax statutes impose non-concessional surcharge rates on land held in trusts that are not "fixed." A discretionary trust, by its nature, cannot satisfy the fixed trust definition — beneficiary interests are not vested and indefeasible.

This means discretionary trusts holding NSW, Victorian, Queensland or other State land may attract surcharge land tax. The precise implications vary by jurisdiction and require specific State tax advice.

Stamp duty also arises on establishment and on any subsequent transfer of property to the trust. The amount of the Settlement Sum and any property transfers should be considered carefully in light of applicable duty.

MGS can help: Our State Tax Services team advises on land tax implications, trust-to-trust transfers, and restructuring options for property held in discretionary trusts across all Australian jurisdictions.
State Tax Services
Suitability

Who should consider an MGS Discretionary Trust?

The MGS Discretionary Trust is the most widely used family wealth structure in Australia. It suits virtually any client with multiple family members, investment assets, or a need for tax flexibility and succession planning.

Property investors

Hold investment properties in trust and split rental income and capital gains each year across the family group to minimise overall tax. Stream CGT discount amounts to the lowest-rate beneficiary on each disposal.

Business operators

Operate business activities through a corporate trustee with the ability to split profits across family beneficiaries each year — reducing the combined family tax burden and retaining flexibility as business income fluctuates.

Families with diverse tax profiles

Where family members have significantly different marginal tax rates — a working spouse, a retired parent, adult children studying — the discretionary trust enables optimal annual income allocation to minimise total family tax.

Share and investment portfolios

Hold listed shares and managed funds in trust to stream franking credits to those who can use them, direct capital gains to beneficiaries with losses, and split dividend income across the family each year.

Asset protection planning

Professionals, business owners and others exposed to commercial liability can hold family wealth in trust — with the trustee, not the individual, as the legal owner — providing a structural barrier against personal creditor claims.

Succession planning

Provide for the transfer of family wealth across generations with the flexibility and protections that a Will cannot offer — including control over timing, the ability to exclude problem beneficiaries, and management of blended family dynamics.

Questions & Answers

Frequently asked questions


Common questions about the MGS Discretionary Trust. Contact our team for matters specific to your client's circumstances.

In a discretionary trust, no beneficiary has a fixed or vested interest in the trust income or capital. The Trustee decides each year who receives income, in what amounts, and to whom capital is distributed. In a unit trust, unit holders have vested and indefeasible interests proportional to their unit holdings — income and capital flow pro-rata with no discretion. A discretionary trust provides maximum flexibility; a unit trust provides certainty and bankability. MGS offers both, and also the Discretionary Conversion Trust which operates as a discretionary trust first and can convert to a unit trust when the time is right.
Yes — a decision in relation to the income of the trust must be made on or before 30 June in each and every year (IT 347). The resolution may be prepared and signed after 30 June, provided it records what actually took place on or before that date. While the ATO has historically allowed until 31 August, that concession is not law and cannot be relied upon. Failure to resolve results in automatic income accumulation and tax at the highest marginal rate. MGS provides distribution resolution templates with every deed.
Yes. A distribution to a beneficiary does not require an immediate physical payment. With the adult beneficiary's consent, the Trustee may establish a loan account in the trust's books and credit the distribution amount to that account. The beneficiary can call for payment at any time, but the Trustee may deal with the funds in the meantime. The distributed amount remains assessable income to the beneficiary in the year of the resolution — and also constitutes "property" for Bankruptcy Act purposes.
Although it is technically permitted, the Settlor should not be a beneficiary of the trust — to avoid serious adverse tax consequences. The Settlor is typically an unrelated person, such as a staff member of the solicitor's or accountant's office, a friend, or a distant relative who pays the nominal Settlement Sum and takes no further role in the trust. Courts normally find that Settlors do not have control of trusts, which is another reason to use an unrelated party.
Special higher rates apply to eligible taxable income of resident minors (persons under 18):
  • Below $416 (2022/23 threshold): normal adult rates apply
  • $416 – $1,307: tax is the greater of 66% of the excess over $416, or the difference between tax on total income and tax on non-eligible income
  • Above $1,307: the entire eligible taxable income is taxed at the highest marginal rate
These rates do not apply to Capital Vested (Child Maintenance) Trusts created on death or relationship breakdown. Always seek specific advice before distributing to minor beneficiaries.
The MGS Discretionary Trust deed includes an amendment clause that permits conversion — including potential conversion to a succession trust or other structure. However, conversion of an existing discretionary trust to a unit trust via a deed of variation carries resettlement risk (a potential CGT event A1). For clients who may need a unit trust in the future, MGS recommends the MGS Discretionary Conversion Trust, which has the unit trust phase built into the original deed and eliminates resettlement risk by design.
MGS discretionary trusts are drafted to include all features required by modern Australian trust law:
  • Trustee power to benefit so that it has general powers under the Perpetuities Act 1984
  • Trustee power to determine income by ordinary accounting concepts
  • Karger v Paul clause — so the trustee is not required to give real and genuine consideration to all beneficiaries (addressing Wareham v Marsella and Owies v JJE Nominees)
  • Perpetuity period equal to the statutory period — no amendment restrictions
  • Proper Law clause enabling change of governing State
  • Capital gains and franking credit streaming powers
  • Amendment clause including conversion capability
Ordering

How to order your MGS Discretionary Trust


1

Register or log in

Create your MGS account or log in at macquariegs.com.au. Registration is free and takes under two minutes.

2

Complete the order form

Provide the Settlor, Trustee, Appointor, Controller (if any) and Primary Beneficiary details. Our form guides you through each field required to establish the trust.

3

MGS prepares your deed

Our team prepares a bespoke MGS Discretionary Trust deed to your specifications. Standard turnaround is 1–2 business days.

4

Execute and establish

The deed is delivered ready for execution by the Settlor and Trustee. Our explanatory memorandum covers establishment, stamp duty requirements, and annual administration obligations — including the 30 June resolution deadline.

Included with your deed
  • Bespoke MGS Discretionary Trust deed
  • Explanatory memorandum (full — covering all trust roles and operations)
  • Trustee establishment resolutions template
  • Annual income distribution resolution templates
  • Minute book templates
  • Stamp duty guide for all Australian states and territories
  • ABN/TFN registration guidance
  • Access to MGS technical support team
Order Now — Login / Register

Questions? Call us on (02) 9231 5111

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Postal Address: GPO Box 512
Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia
Phone: (02) 9231 5111
Email: contact@macquariegs.com.au
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